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17. JOURNEY OF ERLING SKAKKE AND EARL RAGNVALD.

 

Kyrpingaorm and Ragnhild, a daughter of Sveinke Steinarson, had a

son called Erling.  Kyrpingaorm was a son of Svein Sveinson, who

was a son of Erling of Gerd.  Otto's mother was Ragna, a daughter

of Earl Orm Eilifson and Sigrid, a daughter of Earl Fin Arnason.

The mother of Earl Orm was Ragnhild, a daughter of Earl Hakon the

Great.  Erling was a man of understanding, and a great friend of

King Inge, by whose assistance and counsel Erling obtained in

marriage Christina, a daughter of King Sigurd the Crusader and

Queen Malmfrid.  Erling possessed a farm at Studla in South

Hordaland.  Erling left the country; and with him went Eindride

Unge and several lendermen, who had chosen men with them.  They

intended to make a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and went across the

West sea to Orkney.  There Earl Ragnvald and Bishop William

joined them; and they had in all fifteen ships from Orkney, with

which they first sailed to the South Hebrides, from thence west

to Valland, and then the same way King Sigurd the Crusader had

sailed to Norvasund; and they plundered all around in the heathen

part of Spain.  Soon after they had sailed through the Norvasund,

Eindride Unge and his followers, with six ships, separated from

them; and then each was for himself.  Earl Ragnvald and Erling

Skakke fell in with a large ship of burden at sea called a

dromund, and gave battle to it with nine ships.  At last they

laid their cutters close under the dromund; but the heathens

threw both weapons and stones, and pots full of pitch and boiling

oil.  Erling laid his ship so close under the dromund, that the

missiles of the heathens fell without his ship.  Then Erling and

his men cut a hole in the dromund, some working below and some

above the water-mark; and so they boarded the vessel through it.

So says Thorbjorn Skakkaskald, in his poem on Erling: --

 

     "The axes of the Northmen bold

     A door into the huge ships' hold

     Hewed through her high and curved side,

     As snug beneath her bulge they ride.

     Their spears bring down the astonished foe,

     Who cannot see from whence the blow.

     The eagle's prey, they, man by man,

     Fall by the Northmen's daring plan."

 

Audunraude, Erling's forecastle-man, was the first man who got

into the dromund.  Then they carried her, killing an immense

number of people; making an extraordinarily valuable booty, and

gaining a famous victory.  Earl Ragnvald and Erling Skakke came

to Palestine in the course of their expedition, and all the way

to the river Jordan.  From thence they went first to

Constantinople, where they left their ships, travelled northwards

by land, and arrived in safety in Norway, where their journey was

highly praised.  Erling Skakke appeared now a much greater man

than before, both on account of his journey and of his marriage;

besides he was a prudent sensible man, rich, of great family,

eloquent, and devoted to King Inge by the strictest friendship

more than to the other royal brothers.

 

 

 

18. BIRTH OF HAKON HERDEBREID.

 

King Sigurd went to a feast east in Viken along with his court,

and rode past a house belonging to a great bonde called Simon.

While the king was riding past the house, he heard within such

beautiful singing that he was quite enchanted with it, and rode

up to the house, and saw a lovely girl standing at the handmill

and grinding.  The king got off his horse, and went to the girl

and courted her.  When the king went away, the bonde Simon came

to know what the object of the king's visit had been.  The girl

was called Thora, and she was Simon the bonde's servant-girl.

Simon took good care of her afterwards, and the girl brought

forth a male child (A.D. 1047), who was called Hakon, and was

considered King Sigurd's son.  Hakon was brought up by Simon

Thorbergson and his wife Gunhild.  Their own sons also, Onund and

Andreas, were brought up with Hakon, and were so dear to him that

death only could have parted them.

 

 

 

19. EYSTEIN AND THE PEASANTS OF HISING ISLE.

 

While King Eystein Haraldson was in Viken, he fell into disputes

with the bondes of Reine and the inhabitants of Hising Isle, who

assembled to oppose him; but he gave them battle at a place

called Leikberg, and afterwards burnt and destroyed all around in

Hising; so that the bondes submitted to his will, paid great

fines to the king, and he took hostages from them.  So says Einar

Skulason: --

 

     "The Viken men

     Won't strive again,

     With words or blows,

     The king to oppose.

     None safety found

     On Viken's ground,

     Till all, afraid,

     Pledge and scat paid."

 

And further: --

 

     "The king came near;

     He who is dear

     To all good men

     Came down the glen,

     By Leikberg hill.

     They who do ill,

     The Reine folk, fly

     Or quarter cry."

 

 

 

20. WAR EXPEDITION OF KING HARALDSON.

 

Soon after King Eystein began his journey out of the country over

sea to the West (A.D. 1153), and sailed first to Caithness.  Here

he heard that Earl Harald Maddad's son was in Thursa, to which he

sailed directly in three small boats.  The earl had a ship of

thirty banks of oars, and nearly eighty men in her.  But they

were not prepared to make resistance, so that King Eystein was

able to board the ship with his men; and he took the earl

prisoner, and carried him to his own ship, but the earl ransomed

himself with three marks of gold: and thus they parted.  Einar

Skulason tells of it thus: --

 

     "Earl Harald in his stout ship lay

     On the bright sand in Thursa bay;

     With fourscore men he had no fear,

     Nor thought the Norse king was so near,

     He who provides the eagle's meals

     In three small boats along-shore steals;

     And Maddad's son must ransom pay

     For his bad outlook that fair day."

 

From thence King Eystein sailed south along the east side of

Scotland, and brought up at a merchant-town in Scotland called

Aberdeen, where he killed many people, and plundered the town.

So says Einar Skulason: --

 

     "At Aberdeen, too, I am told,

     Fell many by our Norsemen bold;

     Peace was disturbed, and blue swords broke

     With many a hard and bloody stroke."

 

The next battle was at Hartlepool in the south, with a party of

horsemen.  The king put them to flight, and seized some ships

there.  So says Einar: --

 

     "At Hartlepool, in rank and row,

     The king's court-men attack the foe.

     The king's sharp sword in blood was red,

     Blood dropped from every Norse spear-head.

     Ravens rejoice o'er the warm food

     Of English slain, each where he stood;

     And in the ships their thirst was quenched:

     The decks were in the foe's blood drenched."

 

Then he went southwards to England, and had his third battle at

Whitby, and gained the victory, and burnt the town.  So says

Einar: --

 

     "The ring of swords, the clash of shields,

     Were loud in Whitby's peaceful fields;

     For here the king stirred up the strife. --

     Man against man, for death or life.

     O'er roof and tower, rose on high

     The red wrath-fire in the sky;

     House after house the red fiend burns;

     By blackened walls the poor man mourns."

 

Thereafter he plundered wide around in England, where Stephen was

then the king.  After this King Eystein fought with some cavalry

at Skarpasker.  So says Einar: --

 

     "At Skarpasker the English horse

     Retire before the Norse king's force:

     The arrow-shower like snow-drift flew,

     And the shield-covered foemen slew."

 

He fought next at Pilavik, and gained the victory.  So says

Einar: --

 

     "At Pilavik the wild wolf feeds,

     Well furnished by the king's brave deeds

     He poured upon the grass-green plain

     A red shower from the Perthmen slain.

     On westwards in the sea he urges,

     With fire and sword the country purges:

     Langtown he burns; the country rang,

     For sword on shield incessant clang."

 

 

Here they burnt Langatun, a large village; and people say that

the town has never since risen to its former condition.  After

this King Eystein left England in autumn, and returned to Norway.

People spoke in various ways about this expedition.

 

 

 

21. OF HARALD'S SONS.

 

There was good peace maintained in Norway in the first years of

the government of Harald's sons; and as long as their old

counsellors were alive, there was some kind of unanimity among

them.  While Inge and Sigurd were in their childhood, they had a

court together; but Eystein, who was come to age of discretion,

had a court for himself.  But when Inge's and Sigurd's

counsellors were dead, -- namely, Sadagyrd Bardson, Ottar

Birting, Amunde Gyrdson, Thjostolf Alason, Ogmund Svipter, and

Ogmund Denger, a brother of Erling Skakke (Erling was not much

looked up to while Ogmund lived), -- the two kings, Inge and

Sigurd divided their courts.  King Inge then got great assistance

from Gregorius Dagson, a son of Dag Eilifson by Ragnhild a

daughter of Skapte Ogmundson.  Gregorius had much property, and

was himself a thriving, sagacious man.  He presided in the

governing the country under King Inge, and the king allowed him

to manage his property for him according to his own judgment.

 

 

 

22. HABITS AND MANNERS OF HARALD'S SONS.

 

When King Sigurd grew up he was a very ungovernable, restless man

in every way; and so was King Eystein, but Eystein was the more

reasonable of the two.  King Sigurd was a stout and strong man,

of a brisk appearance; he had light brown hair, an ugly mouth;

but otherwise a well-shaped countenance.  He was polite in his

conversation beyond any man, and was expert in all exercises.

Einar Skulason speaks of this: --

 

     "Sigurd, expert in every way

     To wield the sword in bloody fray,

     Showed well that to the bold and brave

     God always luck and victory gave.

     In speech, as well as bloody deeds,

     The king all other men exceeds;

     And when he speaks we think that none

     Has said a word but he alone."

 

King Eystein was dark and dingy in complexion, of middle height,

and a prudent able man; but what deprived him of consideration

and popularity with those under him were his avarice and

narrowness.  He was married to Ragna, a daughter of Nicolas Mase.

King Inge was the handsomest among them in countenance.  He had

yellow but rather thin hair, which was much curled.  His stature

was small; and he had difficulty in walking alone, because he had

one foot withered, and he had a hump both on his back and his

breast.  He was of cheerful conversation, and friendly towards

his friends; was generous, and allowed other chiefs to give him

counsel in governing the country.  He was popular, therefore,

with the public; and all this brought the kingdom and the mass of

the people on his side.  King Harald Gille's daughter Brigida was

first married to the Swedish king Inge Halsteinson, and

afterwards to Earl Karl Sonason, and then to the Swedish king

Magnus.  She and King Inge Haraldson were cousins by the mother's

side.  At last Brigida married Earl Birger Brose, and they had

four sons, namely, Earl Philip, Earl Knut, Folke, and Magnus.

Their daughters were Ingegerd, who was married to the Swedish

king Sorkver, and their son was King Jon; a second daughter was

called Kristin, and a third Margaret.  Harald Gille's second

daughter was called Maria, who was married to Simon Skalp, a son

of Halkel Huk; and their son was called Nikolas.  King Harald

Gille's third daughter was called Margaret, who was married to

Jon Halkelson, a brother of Simon.  Now many things occurred

between the brothers which occasioned differences and disputes;

but I will only relate what appears to me to have produced the

more important events.

 

 

 

23. CARDINAL NIKOLAS COMES TO THE COUNTRY.

 

In the days of Harald's sons Cardinal Nikolas came from Rome to

Norway, being sent there by the pope.  The cardinal had taken

offence at the brothers Sigurd and Eystein, and they were obliged

to come to a reconciliation with him; but, on the other hand, he

stood on the most affectionate terms with King Inge, whom he

called his son.  Now when they were all reconciled with him, he

moved them to let Jon Birgerson be consecrated archbishop of

Throndhjem and gave him a vestment which is called a pallium; and

settled moreover that the archbishop's seat should be in Nidaros,

in Christ church, where King Olaf the Saint reposes.  Before that

time there had only been common bishops in Norway.  The cardinal

introduced also the law, that no man should go unpunished who

appeared with arms in the merchant-town, excepting the twelve men

who were in attendancce on the king.  He improved many of the

customs of the Northmen while he was in the country.  There never

came a foreigner to Norway whom all men respected so highly, or

who could govern the people so well as he did.  After some time

he returned to the South with many friendly presents, and

declared ever afterwards that he was the greatest friend of the

people of Norway.  When he came south to Rome the former pope

died suddenly, and all the people of Rome would have Cardinal

Nikolas for pope, and he was consecrated under the name of

Adrian; and according to the report of men who went to Rome in

his days, he had never any business, however important, to settle

with other people, but he would break it off to speak with the

Northmen who desired to see him.  He was not long pope, and is

now considered a saint.

 

 

 

24. MIRACLE OF KING OLAF.

 

In the time of Harald Gille's sons, it happened that a man called

Haldor fell into the hands of the Vindland people, who took him

and mutilated him, cut open his neck, took out the tongue through

the opening, and cut out his tongue root.  He afterwards sought

out the holy King Olaf, fixed his mind entirely on the holy man,

and weeping besought King Olaf to restore his speech and health.

Thereupon he immediately recovered his speech by the good king's

compassion, went immediately into his service for all his life,

and became an excellent trustworthy man.  This miracle took place

a fortnight before the last Olafsmas, upon the day that Cardinal

Nikolas set foot on the land of Norway.

 

 

 

25. MIRACLES OF KING OLAF ON RICHARD.

 

In the Uplands were two brothers, men of great family, and men of

fortune, Einar and Andres, sons of Guthorm Grabard, and brothers

of King Sigurd Haraldson's mother; and they had great properties

and udal estates in that quarter.  They had a sister who was very

handsome, but did not pay sufficient regard to the scandal of

evil persons, as it afterwards appeared.  She was on a friendly

footing with an English priest called Richard, who had a welcome

to the house of her brothers, and on account of their friendship

for him she did many things to please him, and often to his

advantage; but the end of all this was, that an ugly report flew

about concerning this girl.  When this came into the mouth of the

public all men threw the blame on the priest.  Her brothers did

the same, and expressed publicly, as soon as they observed it,

that they laid the blame most on him.  The great friendship that

was between the earl and the priest proved a great misfortune to

both, which might have been expected, as the brothers were silent

about their secret determination, and let nothing be observed.

But one day they called the priest to them, who went, expecting

nothing but good from them; enticed him from home with them,

saying that they intended to go to another district, where they

had some needful business, and inviting him to go with them.

They had with them a farm-servant who knew their purpose.  They

went in a boat along the shore of a lake which is called Rands

lake, and landed at a ness called Skiptisand, where they went on

shore and amused themselves awhile.  Then they went to a retired

place, and commanded their servant-man to strike the priest with

an axe-hammer.  He struck the priest so hard that he swooned; but

when he recovered he said, "Why are ye playing so roughly with

me?"  They replied, "Although nobody has told thee of it before,

thou shalt now find the consequence of what thou hast done."

They then upbraided him; but he denied their accusations, and

besought God and the holy King Olaf to judge between them.  Then

they broke his leg-bones, and dragged him bound to the forest

with them; and then they put a string around his head, and put a

board under his head and shoulders, and made a knot on the

string, and bound his head fast to the board.  Then the elder

brother, Einar, took a wedge, and put it on the priest's eye, and

the servant who stood beside him struck upon it with an axe, so

that the eye flew out, and fell upon the board.  Then he set the

pin upon the other eye, and said to the servant, "Strike now more

softly."  He did so, and the wedge sprang from the eye-stone, and

tore the eyelid loose.  Then Einar took up the eyelid in his

hand, and saw that the eye-stone was still in its place; and he

set the wedge on the cheek, and when the servant struck it the

eye-stone sprang out upon the cheek-bone.  Thereafter they opened

his mouth, took his tongue and cut it off, and then untied his

hands and his head.  As soon as he came to himself, he thought of

laying the eye-stones in their place under the eyelids, and

pressing then with both hands as much as he could.  Then they

carried him on board, and went to a farm called Saeheimrud, where

they landed.  They sent up to the farm to say that a priest was

lying in the boat at the shore.  While the message was going to

the farm, they asked the priest if he could talk; and he made a

noise and attempted to speak.  Then said Einar to his brother,

"If he recover and the stump of his tongue grow, I am afraid he

will get his speech again."  Thereupon they seized the stump with

a pair of tongs, drew it out, cut it twice, and the third time to

the very roots, and left him lying half dead.  The housewife in

the farm was poor; but she hastened to the place with her

daughter, and they carried the priest home to their farm in their

cloaks.  They then brought a priest, and when he arrived he bound

all his wounds; and they attended to his comfort as much as they

were able.  And thus lay the wounded priest grievously handled,

but trusting always to God's grace, and never doubting; and

although he was speechless, he prayed to God in thought with a

sorrowful mind, but with the more confidence the worse he was.

He turned his thoughts also to the mild King Olaf the Saint,

God's dear favourite, of whose excellent deeds he had heard so

much told, and trusted so much more zealously on him with all his

heart for help in his necessity.  As he lay there lame, and

deprived of all strength, he wept bitterly, moaned, and prayed

with a sore heart that the dear King Olaf would help him.  Now

when this wounded priest was sleeping after midnight, he thought

he saw a gallant man coming to him, who spoke these words, "Thou

art ill off, friend Richard, and thy strength is little."  He

thought he replied to this assentingly.  Then the man accosted

him again, "Thou requirest compassion?"  The priest replies, "I

need the compassion of Almighty God and the holy King Olaf."  He

answered, "Thou shalt get it."  Thereupon he pulled the tongue-

stump so hard that it gave the priest pain; then he stroked with

his hands his eyes, and legs, and other wounded members.  Then

the priest asked who he was.  He looked at him, and said, "Olaf,

come here from Throndhjem;" and then disappeared.  But the priest

awoke altogether sound, and thus he spoke: "Happy am I, and

thanks be to the Almighty God and the holy King Olaf, who have

restored me!"  Dreadfully mishandled as he had been, yet so

quickly was he restored from his misfortune that he scarcely

thought he had been wounded or sick.  His tongue was entire; both

his eyes were in their places, and were clear-sighted; his broken

legs and every other wound were healed, or were free from pain;

and, in short, he had got perfect health.  But as a proof that

his eyes had been punched out, there remained a white scar on

each eyelid, in order that this dear king's excellence might be

manifest on the man who had been so dreadfully misused.

 

 

 

26. KING INGE AND SIGURD HOLD A THING.

 

King Eystein and King Sigurd had quarrelled, because King Sigurd

had killed King Eystein's court-man Harald, the Viken man, who

owned a house in Bergen, and also the priest Jon Tapard, a son of

Bjarne Sigurdson.  On account of this affair, a conference to

settle it was appointed in winter in the Uplands.  The two sat

together in the conference for a long time, and so much was known

of their conference that all three brothers were to meet the

following summer in Bergen.  It was added, that their conference

was to the effect that King Inge should have two or three farms,

and as much income as would keep thirty men beside him, as he had

not health to be a king.  When King Inge and Gregorius heard this

report, they came to Bergen with many followers.  King Sigurd

arrived there a little later, and was not nearly so strong in

men.  Sigurd and Inge had then been nineteen years kings of

Norway (A.D. 1155).  King Eystein came later still from the south

than the other two from the north.  Then King Inge ordered the

Thing to be called together on the holm by the sound of trumpet;

and Sigurd and Inge came to it with a great many people.

Gregorius had two long-ships, and at the least ninety men, whom

he kept in provisions.  He kept his house-men better than other

lendermen; for he never took part in any entertainment where each

guest brings his liquor, without having all his house-men to

drink with him.  He went now to the Thing in a gold-mounted

helmet, and all his men had helmets on.  Then King Inge stood up,

and told the assembly what he had heard; how his brothers were

going to use him, and depose him from his kingdom; and asked for

their assistance.  The assembled people made a good return to his

speech, and declared they would follow him.

 

 

 

27. OF GREGORIUS DAGSON.

 

Then King Sigurd stood up and said it was a false accusation that

King Inge had made against him and his brother, and insisted that

Gregorius had invented it; and insinuated that it would not be

long, if he had his will, before they should meet so that the

golden helmet should be doffed; and ended his speech by hinting

that they could not both live.  Gregorius replied, that Sigurd

need not long so much for this, as he was ready now, if it must

be so.  A few days after, one of Gregorius's house-men was killed

out upon the street, and it was Sigurd's house-men who killed

him.  Gregorius would then have fallen upon King Sigurd and his

people; but King Inge, and many others, kept him back.  But one

evening, just as Queen Ingerid, King Inge's mother, was coming

from vespers, she came past where Sigurd Skrudhyrna, a courtman

of King Inge, lay murdered.  He was then an old man, and had

served many kings.  King Sigurd's courtmen, Halyard Gunnarson,

and Sigurd, a son of Eystein Trafale, had killed him; and people

suspected it was done by order of King Sigurd.  She went

immediately to King Inge, and told him he would be a little king

if he took no concern, but allowed his court-men to be killed,

the one after the other, like swine.  The king was angry at her

speech; and while they were scolding about it, came Gregorius in

helmet and armour, and told the king not to be angry, for she was

only saying the truth.  "And I am now," says he, "come to thy

assistance, if thou wilt attack King Sigurd; and here we are,

above 100 men in helmets and armour, and with them we will attack

where others think the attack may be worst."  But the most

dissuaded from this course, thinking that Sigurd would pay the

mulct for the slaughter done.  Now when Gregorius saw that there

would be no assault, he accosted King Inge thus: "Thou wilt

frighten thy men from thee in this way; for first they lately

killed my house-man, and now thy court-man, and afterwards they

will chase me, or some other of thy lendermen whom thou wouldst

feel the loss of, when they see that thou art indifferent about

such things; and at last, after thy friends are killed, they will

take the royal dignity from thee.  Whatever thy other lendermen

may do, I will not stay here longer to be slaughtered like an ox;

but Sigurd the king and I have a business to settle with each

other to-night, in whatever way it may turn out.  It is true that

there is but little help in thee on account of thy ill health,

but I should think thy will should not be less to hold thy hand

over thy friends, and I am now quite ready to go from hence to

meet Sigurd, and my banner is flying in the yard."

 

Then King Inge stood up, and called for his arms, and ordered

every man who wished to follow him to get ready, declaring it was

of no use to try to dissuade him; for he had long enough avoided

this, but now steel must determine between them.

 

 

 

28. OF KING SIGURD'S FALL.

 

King Sigurd sat and drank in Sigrid Saeta's house ready for

battle, although people thought it would not come to an assault

at all.  Then came King Inge with his men down the road from the

smithy shops, against the house.  Arne, the king's brother-in-

law, came out from the Sand-bridge, Aslak Erlendson from his own

house, and Gregorius from the street where all thought the

assault would be worst.  King Sigurd and his men made many shots

from the holes in the loft, broke down the fireplaces, and threw

stones on them.  Gregorius and his men cut down the gates of the

yard; and there in the port fell Einar, a son of Laxapaul, who

was of Sigurd's people, together with Halvard Gunnarson, who was

shot in a loft, and nobody lamented his death.  They hewed down

the houses, and many of King Sigurd's men left him, and

surrendered for quarter.  Then King Sigurd went up into a loft,

and desired to be heard.  He had a gilt shield, by which they

knew him, but they would not listen to him, and shot arrows at

him as thick as snow in a snow-shower, so that he could not stay

there.  As his men had now left him, and the houses were being

hewn down, he went out from thence, and with him his court-man

Thord Husfreyja from Viken.  They wanted to come where King Inge

was to be found, and Sigurd called to his brother King Inge, and

begged him to grant him life and safety; but both Thord and

Sigurd were instantly killed, and Thord fell with great glory.

King Sigurd was interred in the old Christ church out on the

holm.  King Inge gave Gregorius the ship King Sigurd had owned.

There fell many of King Sigurd's and King Inge's men, although I

only name a few; but of Gregorius's men there fell four; and also

some who belonged to no party, but were shot on the piers, or out

in the ships.  It was fought on a Friday, and fourteen days

before Saint John the Baptist's day (June 10, 1155).  Two or

three days after King Eystein came from the eastward with thirty

ships, and had along with him his brother's son Hakon, a son of

King Sigurd.  Eystein did not come up to the town, but lay in

Floruvagar, and good men went between to get a reconciliation

made.  But Gregorius wanted that they should go out against him,

thinking there never would be a better opportunity; and offered

to be himself the leader.  "For thou, king, shalt not go, for we

have no want of men."  But many dissuaded from this course, and

it came to nothing.  King Eystein returned back to Viken, and

King Inge to Throndhjem, and they were in a sort reconciled; but

they did not meet each other.

 

 

 

29. OF GREGORIUS DAGSON.

 

Somewhat later than King Eystein, Gregorius Dagson also set out

to the eastward and came to his farm Bratsberg in Hofund; but

King Eystein was up in the fjord at Oslo, and had his ships drawn

above two miles over the frozen sea, for there was much ice at

that time in Viken.  King Eystein went up to Hofund to take

Gregorius; but he got news of what was on foot, and escaped to

Thelemark with ninety men, from thence over the mountains, and

came down in Hardanger; and at last to Studla in Etne, to Erling

Skakke's farm.  Erling himself had gone north to Bergen; but his

wife Kristin, a daughter of King Sigurd, was at home, and offered

Gregorius all the assistance he wanted; and he was hospitably

received.  He got a long-ship there which belonged to Erling, and

everything else he required.  Gregorius thanked her kindly, and

allowed that she had behaved nobly, and as might have been

expected of her.  Gregorius then proceeded to Bergen, where he

met Erling, who thought also that his wife had done well.

 

 

 

30. RECONCILIATION OF EYSTEIN AND INGE.

 

Then Gregorius went north to Throndhjem, and came there before

Yule.  King Inge was rejoiced at his safety, and told him to use

his property as freely as his own, King Eystein having burnt

Gregorius's house, and slaughtered his stock of cattle.  The

ship-docks which King Eystein the Elder had constructed in the

merchant town of Nidaros, and which had been exceedingly

expensive, were also burnt this winter, together with some good

vessels belonging to King Inge.  This deed was ascribed to King

Eystein and Philip Gyrdson, King Sigurd's foster-brother, and

occasioned much displeasure and hatred.  The following summer

King Inge went south with a very numerous body of men; and King

Eystein came northwards, gathering men also.  They met in the

east (A.D. 1156) at the Seleys, near to the Naze; but King Inge

was by far the strongest in men.  It was nearly coming to a

battle; but at last they were reconciled on these conditions,

that King Eystein should be bound to pay forty-five marks of

gold, of which King Inge should have thirty marks, because King

Eystein had occasioned the burning of the docks and ships; and,

besides, that Philip, and all who had been accomplices in the

deed, should be outlawed.  Also that the men should be banished

the country, against whom it could be proved that they gave blow

or wound to King Sigurd; for King Eystein accused King Inge of

protecting these men; and that Gregorius should have fifteen

marks of gold for the value of his property burnt by King

Eystein.  King Eystein was ill pleased with these terms, and

looked upon the treaty as one forced upon him.  From that meeting

King Inge went eastward to Viken, and King Eystein north to

Throndhjem; and they had no intercourse with each other, nor were

the messages which passed between them very friendly, and on both

sides they killed each other's friends.  King Eystein, besides,

did not pay the money; and the one accused the other of not

fulfilling what was promised.  King Inge and Gregorius enticed

many people from King Eystein; among others, Bard Standale

Brynjolfson, Simon Skalp, a son of Halkel Huk, Halder

Brynjolfson, Jon Halkelson, and many other lendermen.

 

 

 

31. OF EYSTEIN AND INGE.

 

Two years after King Sigurd's fall (A.D. 1157) both kings

assembled armaments; namely, King Inge in the east of the

country, where he collected eighty ships; and King Eystein in the

north, where he had forty-five, and among these the Great Dragon,

which King Eystein Magnuson had built after the Long Serpent; and

they had on both sides many and excellent troops.  King Inge lay

with his ships south at Moster Isle, and King Eystein a little to

the north in Graeningasund.  King Eystein sent the young Aslak

Jonson, and Arne Sturla, a son of Snaebjorn, with one ship to

meet King Inge; but when the king's men knew them, they assaulted

them, killed many of their people, and took all that was in the

ship belonging to them.  Aslak and Arne and a few more escaped to

the land, went to King Eystein, and told him how King Inge had

received them.  Thereupon King Eystein held a House-thing, and

told his followers how ill King Inge had treated his men, and

desired the troops to follow him.  "I have," said he, "so many,

and such excellent men, that I have no intention to fly, if ye

will follow me."  But this speech was not received with much

favour.  Halkel Huk was there; but both his sons, Simon and Jon,

were with King Inge.  Halkel replied, so loud that many heard

him, "Let thy chests of gold follow thee, and let them defend thy

land."

 

 

 

32. KING EYSTEIN'S DEATH.

 

In the night many of King Eystein's ships rowed secretly away,

some of them joining King Inge, some going to Bergen, or up into

the fjords; so that when it was daylight in the morning the king

was lying behind with only ten ships.  Then he left the Great

Dragon, which was heavy to row, and several other vessels behind;

and cut and destroyed the Dragon, started out the ale, and

destroyed all that they could not take with them.  King Eystein

went on board of the ship of Eindride, a son of Jon Morner,

sailed north into Sogn, and then took the land-road eastwards to

Viken.  King Inge took the vessels, and sailed with them outside

of the isles to Viken.  King Eystein had then got east as far as

Fold, and had with him 1200 men; but when they saw King Inge's

force, they did not think themselves sufficiently strong to

oppose him, and they retired to the forest.  Every one fled his

own way, so that the king was left with but one man.  King Inge

and his men observed King Eystein's flight, and also that he had

but few people with him, and they went immediately to search for

him.  Simon Skalp met the king just as he was coming out of a

willow bush.  Simon saluted him.  "God save you, sire," said he.

 

The king replied, "I do not know if thou are not sire here."

 

Simon replied, "That is as it may happen."

 

The king begged him to conceal him, and said it was proper to do

so.  "For there was long friendship between us, although it has

now gone differently."

 

Simon replied, it could not be.

 

Then the king begged that he might hear mass before he died,

which accordingly took place.  Then Eystein laid himself down on

his face on the grass, stretched out his hands on each side, and

told them to cut the sign of the cross between his shoulders, and

see whether he could not bear steel as King Inge's followers had

asserted of him.  Simon told the man who had to put the king to

death to do so immediately, for the king had been creeping about

upon the grass long enough.  He was accordingly slain, and he

appears to have suffered manfully.  His body was carried to Fors,

and lay all night under the hill at the south side of the church.

King Eystein was buried in Fors church, and his grave is in the

middle of the church-floor, where a fringed canopy is spread over

it, and he is considered a saint.  Where he was executed, and his

blood ran upon the ground, sprang up a fountain, and another

under the hill where his body lay all night.  From both these

waters many think they have received a cure of sickness and pain.

It is reported by the Viken people that many miracles were

wrought at King Eystein's grave, until his enemies poured upon it

soup made of boiled dog's flesh.  Simon Skalp was much hated for

this deed, which was generally ascribed to him; but some said

that when King Eystein was taken Simon sent a message to King

Inge, and the king commanded that King Eystein should not come

before his face.  So King Sverre has caused it to be written; but

Einar Skulason tells of it thus: --

 

     "Simon Skalp, the traitor bold,

     For deeds of murder known of old,

     His king betrayed; and ne'er will he

     God's blessed face hereafter see."